Manufacturing seamless tubes.



E. F. HOLIN GERU MANUFACTURING SEAMLESS TUBES.

S'SHE APPLICATION TILED JUNE 11, 1913.

1914i. BT11.

Patented Jul 3 SHEET B. F. HOLINGBR.

' MANUFACTURING SEAMLBSS TUBES.

APPLICATION Hum JUNE 11, 191;.

1,103,966. Patented July 21, 1914.

' s snnn'rs-snnm 2.

- g: INVENTlOR E. F. HOLINGER. MAN UFAGTURING SEAMLESS TUBES.

. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11, 1913. 1,103,966.

T n R M 2H m WM m. w, h dm lf/r W ms m a P w ncW and uaciul hnpron T ""r km an c Ulla ii if and State oi Pcnnsyi -u'na luring ti ainlcss Tuhcs, ing is a specification.

My ini'cnj'cn rclaii gener u'facturc oi seamless Luh cilically, ic Plates t such tubes i is known the cu \rial crew-- ch xvcrc JCS Wcro cut hy circular fore, the inelal 7 shapcil hy (lics 1. or stamped out of dies.

It is one of the objects of my invrniou to utilize a larger iicrccntagc oi each 01' the, plates from. which tho blanks are Stanwood than is utilizcrl. by making thc blanks cir cular. I nrci'cr to make: ihc plums or blanks square i'a'i'ch roui'idcd corners. 1 subject thc rounded corncrcrl square l luiil rs i'o cupping operations in rings or (lies with (,()l'l'\ 3]i0llliingly shaped openings, thc SUCCOSSlYU licr having t 'cir cpcnings gradually assuming a circular shapc. Hcrctoforc, the cuppii rings or (lies havc had even circular op nimg, but I prefer to make some of the rings or (lies with the orig ns of the o )cnings thrrcin flutccl or scalloped in order to increase the reduction of thc laun hr and \"Llll thickncss of the cups anil to produce a iatc al How of the metal in each altcrnaiing die, referring specially to the operations Where reduction of th wall thickness is accomplished. This lateral flow of the metal improves the structure of the material above What would take. place, if only circular (lies were used.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure) is; a i'icrselicctivc View showing the dies by which. my improved blanks arc srau'u icd from square shcci'; incml. Fig. 2 -i; a perspective View, on a larger blfilQ- than Fig 1, of one of iny blanks with the SCVQICKl corners in their original places. Fig. 3, a perspective partly in section shi'nving one of my hlanlu; lo iatcrl on the "inn; die and hclow the punch really for thc first cu pingr n35- cration. Fig. i, i. perspective of the cup or tube produced by the (lies iown on Fig. 3. Fig. 5, a perspective partly in section show ing the cup of Fig. 4 seated in the scconrl. ring rcmly for the second cupping opcrali Fig. (1, a pcrspcctive of the cup or tuhc v c horical hotlony hul' P]'Jifl;ff op eraiio i T I punch anu inc.

has. 7 up; the on still sinaiu:

si'i'iallcr openings.

or riugzj nicnihcr (n. th s hy which 111 ll'll' 'fiOflCi h from a pl:

ppm or punch member of Chc (lie opening in ti o ring? member has its corncrs rounilciil, and its "'icics between i c 10llll('l((l cornc s cuniforniin V (HOB lo r 'v I n O a M lli-1Y0. iliat n, no me (he s a w n-arc with roumlcfl comics. 'Hllh'i] mmnhcr 2 1% shaped in corrcspcncl to oi th s ring nicnihcr, i jaw-iii sides of the (lie opening and fins-ah with the "calls of the (lie opening. A squarc plain may h s laid on rho iic incnihcr 'l with its; iljaccni' cilgcs againsl; lugs 55. llhc rcmainingr iiu'o oil plate will rcgistcr with ihc two remaining which am cupping ()jMiZiiiOilW non Qo hie h=- scrihoil hcgin. The hiank 5 laid on ihc Lop of ihc ring; (lie (3, inivinp; i lls: liiPGlPd (lownwarill'. The opening in tho (lie (3 shaiczl horizontally to corrcsponil with thc shape of lihc blank T rcgn'cscul's chc a: P1 round corncrcii punch for forcing; thc iilani: through ihc lic 3.

i lhcn ihc blank h hm; liccn ii'orcccl through {no (in: (i in; 'ihc punch T, i't becomes the run or short iuhc 55, shown in Fig. 4-. rvn V v H:

inc lntl cud 0t thc punch 1 l,- hair-spoon cal. no that Ii? prorlucrfl a (up wiph a halfgrailually an; sing v preserves its rounded bottom circular. In the elongating operation shown by Fig, 7, practically no reduction of the upwardly a square round cornered shape or section at its top. This is done in order to take care of the metal at the rounded corners of the nearly square plate so as to produce a cup with an even edge.

In Fig. 5, the cup 8 is shown seated in the ring or diet), somewhat smaller than the ring or die 6. Thepunch or male die 10 forces the cup 8 through the die 9 and produces the tube or cup 11, shown in Fig. 6. V The cup 11 is somewhatlonger than the cup 8 and has a smaller cross-section, but it still and square round cornered edge.

i In the next operation indicatedby Fig. 7,

the elongated cup 11 is'forced successively through. the seven ring dies a to g (whichnumber may be larger or smaller) by the punch or male die 12, whereby the still more elongated cup or tube 13 is produced. The rings a to g are so made that the opening -in each succeeding ring, which is smaller than the preceding ring, approaches more and more a circular shape, the last ring becoming 1 preferably entirely or nearly wall thickness is accomplished, the on ,be ing merely elongated and reduced in iameter, in order to brin it into the shape of a tube suitable for subsequent drawing and wall.- reduction, especially for changing the square round cornered cup into a cup with a circular cross-section or edge. The die a has a slightly smaller opening than the die 9/ 'Inthe next operation, shown in Fig. 8, the cup or tube 13 is forced bythe male die or punch 14 through the rings or dies h to is, which are successively smaller and smaller, thereby producing the considerably elongated cup or tube 15, the opening in the ring it being smaller than the opening in the ring 9. p

In the next operation shown in Fig. 9, the tube 15 is forced by the punch or male die 16 through the rings Z and m, whereby the still more elongated tube 17 is produced,

the opening in the ring Z being smaller than that in the ring is, and the opening in the ring m being smaller than that in the ring Z. 'A novel feature, an improvement in hot drawing, is introduced into the operations shown in Figs. 7 8, and 9. It will be noticed that every other ring, that is, the rings Z), cl, f, it, 7', and Z, is scalloped or fluted. This 1S done in order to increase the reduction of the tubes or cups and to produce a kneading action which acts laterally on the ma terial and improves the structure. It has been found in practice that, in rcdlilcing the wallthickness of a tube by hot drawing, if the metal can be prevented from gathering, or piling on itself in front otthe rings, aconsiderable increase in reduction of diameter or wall thickness, as the case may be,

the tube through a lain ring.

can be accomplished. The prevention of this gathering or piling of the metal infront of the rings is accomplished by internally scalloping or fiuting the alternate rings. The tube to be reduced being pushed through a scalloped or fluted rin is corrugated longitudinally and considerably reduced in diam eter or wall thickness, or both the reduction being more than would resul When the tube, w ich has been scalloped or fluted by one die, is pushed through the next die which'is plain, that is, notsca l 'lopedor fluted, a plain smooth tube is agaln produced. "This smooth tube is pushedthrough'the succeeding scalloped or fluted ring. The tubes are forced through the alternately scalloped and smooth rings until the desired reduction and elongation have been secured, and in addition a su erior structure has been produced throug'i the lateral spreading of themetal, or kneading action of the scalloped or fluted dies.

One gain in my invention over the present practice of beginning the operation with a circular blank is inzutihzing more of the material from which the blank s out. The

t by pushing i i i loss of material in rounding the corners of a square plate to produce my blank 5 amounts to approximate y 713%, whereas the loss by the production of circular blanks amounts to 21.46%, so that I convert 92-}% of a square plate into a tube while by thepresent prac-' tice cnly 78.54191, of a square plate is converted into a tube. Another gain is accomplishedby increasing the reduction per ring,

or per series of rings, on account of the scalloped or fluted rings.- By my. improvement I can produce 'a hot drawn tube of a given length and diameter tions than is accomplished practice. Furthermore, by the lateralflow of the metal in fewer-operaby the present is superior to what is accomplished in prac- {ice with ordinary plain circular rings.

I do not limit my. invention to any definite produced by the scalloped or 'fiuted dies, I produce a tube whose structure longitudinal corrugations in the walls of the tubes and then smoothing out the corrugations.

2. The process of drawing tubes by cupping operations, which consists in subjecting them to successiveoperations in succes' sivclyv smaller ring dies and. simultaneously with alternateoperations producing lougitu-I dinal corrugations in the walls otthc tubes and then smoothing out the corrugations.

3. The process of manufacturing tubes which consists in forming a' square blank' with rounded corners, forming the blank into a cup having a square section with rounded corners, and subjecting the cup to successive operations to reduce its cross-section and increase its length andsimultaneously causing the said cross-section to become gradually circular. j

4, The process of manufacturing tubes which consists in forming asqu'are blank with rounded corners, forming the blank into a cup having a square section with rounded corners, subjecting the cup to suecessive operations to reduce its cross-section and increase'its length and simultaneously causing the said cross-section to become 83 operations subjecting the cup to corrugating operations.

5. The process ofmanufacturing tubes which consists in forming a square blank gradually circular,

radually circular,, and during the said.

with rounded corners, forming the blank into a cup having a square section with rounded corners, subjecting the cup to successive operations to reduce its cross-section and increase its length and simultaneously causing the said cross section to become and corrugating the cup longitudinally during some of the operations. I

6. The process of forming tubes by cupping operations which consists in sub ecting them to drawing operations, thereby successively producing cups of smaller diameters,

'and simultaneously with some of these operations in turn'corrugating the cups and smoothing'the same by a floiv of the metal. Signed at Pittsburgh, Pa, this 9th day of June, A. D. 1913. I

EMIL F. HOLINGER. Witnesses:

Amen E. DUFF, ELVA STANICH. 

